A frequent usage of比 is this pattern: 与/和/跟…比… It’s used to compare one thing with another. When speaking, we can also use 与/和/跟…比较…, so in this case, they can be used almost interchangeably.
Even though they are almost the same in the above sentences, they have some differences in other usages. For instance, 比is often used in this pattern, A+比+ B+adj.
Here 比is used to emphasis the subject’s comparative degree, which means “A is adj+er than B.” But 比较is used differently.
To show a comparative degree, 比较is used as an adverb before the adjective. There should also be some explanation for the comparison. Let’s see the examples.
比较:It can be a verb meaning “to compare” as well. But 比 cannot be used this way.
比较:When it is used as an adverb, it can express a certain degree. The degree depends on the context. But “比” cannot be used this way.